Which neurotransmitter assists with the body's relaxation response?

The correct answer is GABA, which stands for gamma-aminobutyric acid. GABA is a key neurotransmitter in the central nervous system that primarily functions as an inhibitor. Its main role is to reduce neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system, which helps to calm the brain and body.

When GABA binds to its receptors, it facilitates the influx of chloride ions into the neuron, leading to hyperpolarization and making it less likely to fire. This inhibitory effect is critical in promoting relaxation and reducing feelings of anxiety and stress, thereby assisting with the body's relaxation response.

In contrast, endorphins are mainly associated with pain relief and the feeling of pleasure, serotonin is primarily involved in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite, and dopamine is linked to reward and motivation pathways in the brain. While both serotonin and dopamine can have positive impacts on mood and behavior, they do not primarily facilitate relaxation in the same way that GABA does.